Practical Portfolio Optimization with Metaheuristics:Pre-assignment Constraint and Margin Trading

Portfolio optimization is a critical area in finance, aiming to maximize returns while minimizing risk. Metaheuristic algorithms were shown to solve complex optimization problems efficiently, with Genetic Algorithms and Particle Swarm Optimization being among the most popular methods. This paper introduces an innovative approach to portfolio optimization that incorporates pre-assignment to limit the search space for investor preferences and better results. Additionally, taking margin trading str...