Congestionamento Aeroportuario, Escassez de Capacidade e Planejamento na Macrometropole Paulista

This article presents an analytical account of the capacity limits and operational challenges of the main airports in the São Paulo Macrometropolis. Drawing on international examples, such as London Heathrow, it discusses how large hubs combine high traffic generation with severe physical constraints, highlighting how saturation intensifies delays, operating costs, and pressures for expansion. It analyzes capacity scarcity as a central economic problem, in which runways, aprons, boarding gates, ...