Comparison of two statistical image reconstruction algorithms for quantitative assessment of pathological lesions using gamma emission tomography

This study compares two statistical approaches to image reconstruction in single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). We evaluated the widely used Ordered Subset Expectation Maximization (OSEM) algorithm and the newer Maximum a Posteriori approach with Entropy prior (MAP-Ent) approach in the context of quantifying radiopharmaceutical uptake in pathological lesions. Numerical experiments were performed using a digital twin of the standardized NEMA IEC phantom, which contains six spheres o...